Fertilization and embryo development


Fertilization and embryo development 

  1. What is fertilization in humans?
Answer: Combining of sperm and ovum nuclei.
  1. Where does fertilization typically occur?
Answer: In the oviducts.
  1. What happens to unused sperm cells?
Answer: They remain outside the ovum.
  1. What is the result of fertilization?
Answer: Formation of a zygote.
  1. What is an embryo?
Answer: Early stage of development before main body structures form.
  1. How long does the embryonic stage last?
Answer: Until the end of the eighth week of pregnancy.
  1. What is the cell membrane?
Answer: A thin layer on the outside of a cell.
  1. What is a zygote?
Answer: A cell formed by combining sperm and ovum(egg) nuclei.
  1. What happens to the zygote as it moves along the oviduct?
Answer: It divides to form 2, 4, 8, 16, ... cells.
  1. How long does it take for the zygote to develop into a hollow ball of cells?
Answer: Between three and seven days.
  1. Where does the hollow ball of cells eventually reach and enter?
Answer: The uterus.
  1. What happens if the hollow ball of cells attaches to the lining of the uterus?
Answer: The woman becomes pregnant.
  1. What is the stage called when the zygote first divides into two cells?
Answer: 2-cell stage.
  1. What is the stage called when the zygote has divided into a hollow ball of cells?
Answer: Hollow ball of cells stage.
  1. Where does fertilization typically occur?
Answer: In the oviduct.
  1. What is the function of the uterus in embryo development?
Answer: It provides a place for the embryo to implant and develop.
  1. Where does the foetus develop inside the mother's body?
Answer: In the uterus.
  1. What is the role of the structures that develop with the foetus?
Answer: They help the foetus to develop safely and correctly until it is ready to be born.
  1. What is the function of the placenta?
Answer: It provides nutrients and oxygen to the foetus and removes waste products.
  1. What is the amnion?
Answer: It is a membrane that surrounds the foetus and contains amniotic fluid.
  1. What is the umbilical cord?
Answer: It is a cord that connects the foetus to the placenta and provides nutrients and oxygen.
  1. What is the mucous plug?
Answer: It is a plug of mucus that blocks the cervix during pregnancy.
  1. What happens to the umbilical cord after birth?
Answer: The umbilical cord is cut.
  1. What is the amniotic fluid?
Answer: It is a liquid that surrounds the foetus and provides protection and nutrients.


  1. What is the function of the uterus during pregnancy?
Answer: Houses and protects the foetus.
  1. What is the role of the cervix during pregnancy?
Answer: Remains closed to prevent miscarriage.
  1. What is the function of the mucous plug?
Answer: Prevents bacteria from entering the uterus.
  1. What are the functions of the placenta?
Answer: Transfers nutrients, oxygen, and waste.
  1. What is the function of the umbilical cord?
Answer: Transports blood to and from the placenta.
  1. What is the function of the amnion?
Answer: Holds amniotic fluid around the foetus.
  1. What are the functions of the amniotic fluid?
Answer: Protects and cushions the foetus.
  1. What is the role of the placenta in oxygen transfer?
Answer: Transfers oxygen from mother to foetus.

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